Wang, Qiuzhu et al. published their research in Organic Letters in 2022 | CAS: 34946-82-2

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The evolution of transition metal catalysts has attained a stage of civilization that authorizes for an extensive scope of chemical bonds formation partners to be combined efficiently. Copper of different valence states can be used to catalyze the coupling reaction, especially the Ullmann coupling reaction. Application In Synthesis of Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate

Synthesis of β-Polychlorinated Alkynes Enabled by Copper-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction was written by Wang, Qiuzhu;Wang, Mengning;Wu, Qianhui;Ma, Mengtao;Zhao, Binlin. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate This article mentions the following:

Functional mols. bearing polychlorinated moieties usually play versatile roles in organic synthesis and biochem. A copper-catalyzed multicomponent polychloro-carboalkynylation of alkenes presents an efficient and operationally simple approach for the synthesis of β-polychlorinated alkynes. Mechanistic experiments were conducted demonstrating that an in situ generated copper acetylide complex was the real catalyst and reactive intermediate during the copper-catalytic cycle. And enantioselective exploration demonstrated potential application for the synthesis of chiral β-polychlorinated alkynes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2Application In Synthesis of Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate).

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The evolution of transition metal catalysts has attained a stage of civilization that authorizes for an extensive scope of chemical bonds formation partners to be combined efficiently. Copper of different valence states can be used to catalyze the coupling reaction, especially the Ullmann coupling reaction. Application In Synthesis of Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Mocanu, Mihaela I. et al. published their research in Journal of Coordination Chemistry in 2018 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to low toxicity and inexpensive, earth-abundant. These ligands enable the reaction promoted in mild condition. The reaction scope has also been greatly expanded, rendering this copper-based cross-coupling attractive for both academia and industry. Related Products of 14781-45-4

Homo- and heterometallic complexes constructed from hexafluoroacetylacetonato and Schiff-base complexes as building-blocks was written by Mocanu, Mihaela I.;Shova, Sergiu;Lloret, Francesc;Julve, Miguel;Andruh, Marius. And the article was included in Journal of Coordination Chemistry in 2018.Related Products of 14781-45-4 This article mentions the following:

Three new homo- and heterotrimetallic complexes were synthesized and crystallog. characterized: [Cu2(saldmpn)2(μ-OCH3)2Cu2(hfac)2] (1), [Ni2(valaepy)2(hfac)2] (2), [Cu(saldmpn)Co(hfac)2] (3) [H2saldmpn is the Schiff-base resulting from condensation of salicylaldehyde with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-diaminopropane and Hvalaepy results from the reaction of o-vanillin with 2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine]. The structure of consists of a neutral tetranuclear species that can be viewed as resulting from mutual coordination of one {(hfac)Cu(μ-OCH3)2(Cu(hfac))} and two {Cu(saldmpn)} building blocks. Compound is a binuclear complex that results from two {Ni(hfac)(valaepy)} fragments, the nickel(II) ions bridged by the two phenoxide-oxygens. The heterobinuclear complex results from coordination of the [Cu(saldmpn)] metalloligand to cobalt(II) from the {Co(hfac)2} unit. The magnetic properties of were studied from 1.9 to 300 K. An overall ferromagnetic behavior is observed for and leading to S = 2 low-lying spin state for each. In the case of, a non-magnetic ground state results because of the occurrence of an intramol. antiferromagnetic coupling between the copper(II) ion and the high-spin cobalt(II) ion, this last one behaving as an effective spin Seff = 1/2 at low temperatures where only the ground Kramers doublet of Co(II) is thermally populated. The values of the intramol. magnetic couplings in are compared with those from the literature on related systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Related Products of 14781-45-4).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to low toxicity and inexpensive, earth-abundant. These ligands enable the reaction promoted in mild condition. The reaction scope has also been greatly expanded, rendering this copper-based cross-coupling attractive for both academia and industry. Related Products of 14781-45-4

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Khalse, Laxman Devidas et al. published their research in Organic Letters in 2022 | CAS: 34946-82-2

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The evolution of transition metal catalysts has attained a stage of civilization that authorizes for an extensive scope of chemical bonds formation partners to be combined efficiently. Copper of different valence states can be used to catalyze the coupling reaction, especially the Ullmann coupling reaction. Electric Literature of C2CuF6O6S2

Enantio- and Diastereoselective Cu(II)-Catalyzed Conjugate Borylation/Michael Addition Cascade: Synthesis of Spiroindane Boronates was written by Khalse, Laxman Devidas;Gorad, Sachin S.;Ghorai, Prasanta. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Electric Literature of C2CuF6O6S2 This article mentions the following:

The authors report a Cu(II)-(S,S)-iPr-FOXAP-catalyzed borylative Michael/Michael addition cascade cyclization of unsym. dienone for the synthesis of highly substituted and functionalized all-C spiroindane boronates under mild conditions. Optically active spiroindanes bearing boronic ester were obtained with excellent yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities (≤97% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr). Scale-up synthesis of this method and synthetic transformations of spiroindane boronates are also illustrated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2Electric Literature of C2CuF6O6S2).

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The evolution of transition metal catalysts has attained a stage of civilization that authorizes for an extensive scope of chemical bonds formation partners to be combined efficiently. Copper of different valence states can be used to catalyze the coupling reaction, especially the Ullmann coupling reaction. Electric Literature of C2CuF6O6S2

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Cheng, Xian-Yan et al. published their research in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. Copper catalyst has received great attention owing to the low toxicity and low cost. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Formula: C10H2CuF12O4

A Counterion/Ligand-Tuned Chemo- and Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Intermolecular Radical 1,2-Carboamination of Alkenes was written by Cheng, Xian-Yan;Zhang, Yu-Feng;Wang, Jia-Huan;Gu, Qiang-Shuai;Li, Zhong-Liang;Liu, Xin-Yuan. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.Formula: C10H2CuF12O4 This article mentions the following:

The copper-catalyzed enantioselective intermol. radical 1,2-carboamination of alkenes with readily accessible alkyl halides was an appealing strategy for producing chiral amine scaffolds. The challenge arised from the easily occurring atom transfer radical addition between alkyl halides and alkenes and the issue of enantiocontrol. A radical alkene 1,2-carboamination with sulfoximines in a highly chemo- and enantioselective manner was described. The key to the success of this process is the conceptual design of a counterion/highly sterically demanded ligand coeffect to promote the ligand exchange of copper(I) with sulfoximines and forge chiral C-N bonds between alkyl radicals and the chiral copper(II) complex. The reaction covered alkenes bearing distinct electronic properties, such as aryl-, heteroaryl-, carbonyl- and aminocarbonyl-substituted ones and various radical precursors, including alkyl chlorides, bromides, iodides and the CF3 source. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Formula: C10H2CuF12O4).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. Copper catalyst has received great attention owing to the low toxicity and low cost. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Formula: C10H2CuF12O4

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Li, Ting et al. published their research in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2017 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to the earth-abundant, inexpensive and low toxicity. It is clear from the impact copper catalysis has had on organic synthesis that copper should be considered a first line catalyst for many organic reactions.Quality Control of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate

A series bi-spin transition metal(II) complexes based on triazole nitronyl nitroxide radical was written by Li, Ting;Shi, Xiu Juan;Chen, Peng Yun;Yu, Si Jia;Tian, Li. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2017.Quality Control of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate This article mentions the following:

Four new transition complexes were obtained by using triazole nitronyl nitroxide radical as ligand. [Mn(4-Me-3-Nit-trz)(hfac)2] (1) and [M(4-Me-3-Nit-trz)(hfac)2]2 [M = Co(II) 2, Ni(II) 3, Cu(II) 4; 4-Me-3-Nit-trz = 2-[3-(4-methyl-l,2,4-triazolyl)]-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; hfac = hexafluoroacetylacetone] were characterized structurally and magnetically. The metal ions in the four complexes are all in six-coordinated environment with four O atoms from two hfac ligands, and one radical O atom and one triazole N atom from a two teeth 4-Me-3-Nit-trz ligand. The magnetic behaviors for 13 indicate that the metal ions and the direct coordinated radicals are antiferromagnetically coupled (JMn-rad = -49.61 cm-1, for 1; JCo-rad = -22.36 cm cm-1, for 2; JNi-rad = -115.39 cm-1, for 3), whereas a ferromagnetic coupling between the Cu(II) ion and the nitroxide group (JCu-rad = 3.45 cm-1) is observed in 4. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Quality Control of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to the earth-abundant, inexpensive and low toxicity. It is clear from the impact copper catalysis has had on organic synthesis that copper should be considered a first line catalyst for many organic reactions.Quality Control of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Korchagin, D. V. et al. published their research in New Journal of Chemistry in 2021 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. Copper has continued to be one of the most utilized and important transition metal catalysts in synthetic organic chemistry. Copper nanoparticles can catalyze the Ullmann coupling reaction in a wide range of applications.Application In Synthesis of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate

Field supported slow magnetic relaxation in a quasi-one-dimensional copper(II) complex with a pentaheterocyclic triphenodioxazine was written by Korchagin, D. V.;Ivakhnenko, E. P.;Demidov, O. P.;Akimov, A. V.;Morgunov, R. B.;Starikov, A. G.;Palii, A. V.;Minkin, V. I.;Aldoshin, S. M.. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2021.Application In Synthesis of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate This article mentions the following:

A new copper(II) complex (1) was obtained by the reaction of a sterically crowded 2,4-di-(tert-butyl)-9-chloro-benzo[5,6][1,4]oxazine[2,3-b]phenoxazine bridging ligand with Cu(II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate. Compound 1 is a quasi-one-dimensional complex in which the Cu(hfac)2 moieties are co-crystallized with the triphenodioxazine mols. through only weak Cu···N short intermol. interactions (the Cu···N distances are 2.732 and 2.752 Å). The magnetic AC susceptibility data show that in spite of the absence of zero-field splitting in the Cu(II) ion with S = 1/2, the compound demonstrates a slow magnetic relaxation behavior at a weak applied magnetic field (HDC = 500 Oe). The EPR spectra and DC magnetic measurements show the strong axial anisotropy of the g-tensor. The temperature dependence of the relaxation time is well described by the combination of one-phonon direct and two-phonon Raman processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Application In Synthesis of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. Copper has continued to be one of the most utilized and important transition metal catalysts in synthetic organic chemistry. Copper nanoparticles can catalyze the Ullmann coupling reaction in a wide range of applications.Application In Synthesis of copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Bai, Lu et al. published their research in CCS Chemistry in 2022 | CAS: 34946-82-2

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to the earth-abundant, low toxicity and inexpensive. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Recommanded Product: Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate

Catalytic asymmetric [4+1] spiroannulation of α-bromo-β-naphthols with azoalkenes by an electrophilic dearomatization/SRN1-debromination approach was written by Bai, Lu;Luo, Xin;Ge, Yicong;Wang, Hui;Liu, Jingjing;Wang, Yaoyu;Luan, Xinjun. And the article was included in CCS Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate This article mentions the following:

An enantioselective [4+1]-spiroannulation of α-bromo-β-naphthols with azoalkenes has been developed for the one-step construction of a new class of pyrazoline-based spirocyclic mols. Using chiral Cu(II)/Box catalysts, asym. induction was achieved with high levels of enantioselectivity [up to 99:1 enantiomeric ratio (er)]. Notably, α-chloro- and α-iodo-substituted β-naphthols were also tolerated by this reaction. Mechanistic studies disclosed that this process was triggered by electrophile-facilitated dearomatization of α-bromo-β-naphthols and followed by the debromination via SRN1-substitution with an in situ-formed N-nucleophile. The chiral copper(II)-species, bound with azoalkene moiety, was assumed to control the enantio-discrimination over the naphthoxy C-radical that was generated from the debromination step. Moreover, the potential utility of this protocol was greatly amplified by the derivatization of spirocyclic products through oxidative dearomatization of the other aromatic ring in the naphthyl fragment, providing a rather attractive route for the rapid generation of synthetically more valuable doubly dearomatized architectures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2Recommanded Product: Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate).

Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (cas: 34946-82-2) belongs to copper catalysts. The applications of Copper-based nanoparticles have received great attention due to the earth-abundant, low toxicity and inexpensive. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Recommanded Product: Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Suarez, Andres et al. published their research in Organometallics in 2002 | CAS: 205927-03-3

(S)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol (cas: 205927-03-3) belongs to copper catalysts. Transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents belong to the most important cross-coupling reaction in organic synthesis. These ligands enable the reaction promoted in mild condition. The reaction scope has also been greatly expanded, rendering this copper-based cross-coupling attractive for both academia and industry. HPLC of Formula: 205927-03-3

Electronic Differences between Coordinating Functionalities of Chiral Phosphine-Phosphites and Effects in Catalytic Enantioselective Hydrogenation was written by Suarez, Andres;Mendez-Rojas, Miguel A.;Pizzano, Antonio. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2002.HPLC of Formula: 205927-03-3 This article mentions the following:

A convenient synthesis of new chiral phosphine-phosphites (P-OP) was described. The versatility of the synthetic protocol developed gave ligands with different phosphine fragments and the choice of the stereogenic element location. Analyses of the values of 1JPSe of the corresponding diselenides are in accord with the expected lower σ-donor ability of the phosphite fragment, with respect to the phosphine group, and with an increase of phosphine basicity after substitution of Ph substituents by Me groups. Inspection of υ(CO) values on complexes RhCl(CO)(P-OP) demonstrated a variable π-acceptor ability of the phosphite group, compensating for the change of basicity of the phosphine functionality, as well as having a rather reduced electron d. at the metal center compared with diphosphine analogs. The distinct nature of the P functionalities also was evidenced in Rh-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of Me Z-α-acetamidocinnamate (MAC). Thus, the coordination mode of the substrate is governed by the chiral ligand, directing the olefinic bond to a cis position with respect to the phosphite group, as demonstrated by NMR studies performed with [Rh(P-OP)(MAC)]+ complexes. In consequence, the phosphite group has a greater impact on the enantioselectivity of the product. However, the optical purity of the process also depends on the nature of the phosphine group, and hence, an appropriate election of both P functionalities is required for the attainment of excellent enantioselectivities (99% ee). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol (cas: 205927-03-3HPLC of Formula: 205927-03-3).

(S)-3,3′-Di-tert-butyl-5,5′,6,6′-tetramethylbiphenyl-2,2′-diol (cas: 205927-03-3) belongs to copper catalysts. Transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents belong to the most important cross-coupling reaction in organic synthesis. These ligands enable the reaction promoted in mild condition. The reaction scope has also been greatly expanded, rendering this copper-based cross-coupling attractive for both academia and industry. HPLC of Formula: 205927-03-3

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Xu, Xinyu et al. published their research in Dalton Transactions in 2020 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents has turned up as an exceedingly robust synthetic tool. It is clear from the impact copper catalysis has had on organic synthesis that copper should be considered a first line catalyst for many organic reactions.Product Details of 14781-45-4

Reactivity of a formal Cu(III)-alkyl species toward aniline: a DFT investigation was written by Xu, Xinyu. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2020.Product Details of 14781-45-4 This article mentions the following:

Although formal Cu(III) species were extensively proposed as key intermediates in a wide range of Cu-catalyzed reactions, the precise reactivity of these species remains inconclusive. Commonly, a formal reductive elimination mechanism is proposed for the product formation step. Through theor. study of the reactivity between a formal Cu(III)-alkyl species and aniline, a SN2-like mechanism could also be responsible for coupling product formation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Product Details of 14781-45-4).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents has turned up as an exceedingly robust synthetic tool. It is clear from the impact copper catalysis has had on organic synthesis that copper should be considered a first line catalyst for many organic reactions.Product Details of 14781-45-4

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Attia, Sayed Y. et al. published their research in Electrochimica Acta in 2022 | CAS: 14781-45-4

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents has turned up as an exceedingly robust synthetic tool. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Category: copper-catalyst

Detergent-free micelle-assisted synthesis of carbon-containing hexagonal CuS nanostructures for efficient supercapacitor electrode materials was written by Attia, Sayed Y.;Mohamed, Saad G.. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2022.Category: copper-catalyst This article mentions the following:

This work developed a novel approach to control the nanostructure morphol. of carbon-containing hexagonal CuS using a single-step solvothermal process. Herein, copper II hexafluoroacetylacetonate served as the copper source and played an efficient role as a detergent-free micelle-forming substance in the presence of two immiscible liquids (ethylene glycol and carbon disulfide). The latter form of which assisted spherical-like shell assembly of hexagonal carbon-containing CuS. Phys. characterization indicated successful carbon and fluorine doping of the hexagonal CuS structures inside bundles of spheres. This innovative construction can efficiently boost the Electrochem. properties of the as-prepared material for supercapacitor applications. The prepared electrode exhibited a superior specific capacitance/capacity of 1123 F g-1 (561.5 C g-1) at 1 A g-1 and outstanding cycling stability. The assembled hybrid device displayed remarkable specific energy of 40 W h kg-1 and a maximum specific power of 8.02 kW kg-1. These results indicate the potential of this material as a promising electrode for highly efficient supercapacitors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4Category: copper-catalyst).

copper(ii)hexafluor-2,4-pentanedionate (cas: 14781-45-4) belongs to copper catalysts. The transition metal-catalyzed chemical transformation of organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents has turned up as an exceedingly robust synthetic tool. Copper nanoparticles can also catalyze the coupling reaction of nitrogen-containing nucleophiles, phenols, thiols, xanthogenates, selenium ruthenium nucleophiles and the like.Category: copper-catalyst

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”