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Integration of phenylammoniumiodide (PAI) as a surface coating molecule towards ambient stable MAPbI3 perovskite for solar cell application

In the present work, different hybrid perovskites were synthesized by gradual concentration variation of larger cation of phenylammoniumiodide (PAI) and methylammoniumiodide (MAI) in PbI2 solution with the aim of improving the stability of MAPbI3 film and photovoltaic efficiency. To understand the properties of perovskite like structural, optical, thermal, morphological and chemical state, extensive characterizations such as XRD, UV?visible spectroscopy, FE-SEM, SEM, EDX and XPS were performed. The role of PAI was investigated further with the use of DFT studies. The DFT results confirmed that the PAI was passivated on the surface of MAPbI3 with most stable arrangement. The stable arrangement revealed the formation of ?-? interactions within the phenyl rings, which shielded the MAI crystals and thereby resulted in enhanced stability of the perovskites. Highly protected perovskite consequently yielded high- performance solar cell device with enhanced stability under 60% humidity, high temperature exposure and longer time stability even when directly exposed to normal room temperature. The new investigation of capping techniques with the use of bigger organic molecules, high performance solar cell with low device costs could emerge. This could lead to unprecedented rapid progress on power conversion efficiency (PCE). Thus, more stable organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites could be developed for future applications.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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SUBSTITUTED INDOLINE DERIVATIVES AS DENGUE VIRAL REPLICATION INHIBITORS

The present invention concerns substituted indoline derivatives, methods to prevent or treat dengue viral infections by using said compounds and also relates to said compounds for use as a medicine, more preferably for use as a medicine to treat or prevent dengue viral infections. The present invention furthermore relates to pharmaceutical compositions or combination preparations of the compounds, to the compositions or preparations for use as a medicine, more preferably for the prevention or treatment of dengue viral infections. The invention also relates to processes for preparation of the compounds.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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COPPER MEDIATED REACTIONS IN NUCLEOSIDE SYNTHESIS

The regiospecific functionalization of the base moiety of purine nucleosides through copper-mediated nucleophilic reactions is described.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Electron and hole transport layers optimization by numerical simulation of a perovskite solar cell

In this paper an n-i-p perovskite solar cell was studied using SCAPS simulator. The primary solar cell’s structure is FTO/ITO/Perovskite/PEDOT:PSS/Au which has achieved a power conversion efficiency of eta ? 13.94%. In order to enhance its performance, several materials were suggested as electron and hole transport layers (ETL and HTL). Among the proposed ETL materials it was found that Zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are the most adequate materials. For the HTL materials, among the proposed materials Copper (I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) forms the appropriate one. Also, the solar cell performance was improved by optimizing the absorber thickness which was found to be 1 mum. With these considerations the power conversion efficiency reached 25.02%. In addition, the detrimental effect of defects at the perovskite/TiO2 interface on the solar cell performance is also presented.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Thermal Properties of the New Copper(I) Pseudohalide Coordination Polymers Catena[(mu2-thiocyanato-N,S)-(1- ethyl-2-methylpyrazine-N)]copper(I) and Poly[(di-mu2-tniocyanato-N, S)-(mu2-1-ethyl-2-methylpyrazine-N,N?)]dicopper(I)

Reaction of copper(I) thiocyanate with 1-ethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine in acetonitrile yields the two new coordination polymers catena[(mu 2-thiocyanato-N,S)-(1-ethyl-2-methylpyrazine-N)] copper(I)(I) and poly[(di-mu2-thiocyanato-N,S)-(mu2-1-ethyl-2-methyl- pyrazine-N,N?)] di-copper(I) (II). The crystal structure of I is composed of CuSCN double chains in which each copper atom is connected to two thiocyanate anions and two 1-ethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine ligands. In this compound only one nitrogen atom of the 1-ethyl-2-methyl-pyrazine ligand is involved in copper coordination. The crystal structure of II is composed of CuSCN layers that are connected by the N-donor ligands via mu-N,N? coordination into a three-dimensional coordination network. On heating the amine rich compound I loses half of the ligands and transforms into the amine-poorer compound II which occurs as an intermediate. Compound II decomposes on further heating to CuSCN. This reaction was investigated using simultaneous differential thermoanalysis and thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectroscopy and temperature dependent X-ray powder diffraction.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Carbon coated TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid, gaseous and supercritical CO2

We report on the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles using nanosecond pulse laser ablation of titanium in liquid, gaseous and supercritical CO2. The produced particles were observed to be mainly anatase-TiO2 with some rutile-TiO2. In addition, the particles were covered by a carbon layer. Raman and x-ray diffraction data suggested that the rutile content increases with CO2 pressure. The nanoparticle size decreased and size distribution became narrower with the increase in CO2 pressure and temperature, however the variation trend was different for CO2 pressure compared to temperature. Pulsed laser ablation in pressurized CO2 is demonstrated as a single step method for making anatase-TiO2/carbon nanoparticles throughout the pressure and temperature ranges 5-40 MPa and 30 C-50 C, respectively.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Facile synthesis of a hierarchical CuS/CuSCN nanocomposite with advanced energy storage properties

We introduce CuS/CuSCN nanocomposites as active materials in pseudocapacitors, in which the redox reactions of both CuS and CuSCN simultaneously contribute to energy storage. This nanocomposite is prepared using an in situ methodology via facile, low-energy-consuming green nanochemistry. The CuS/CuSCN nanocomposites offer a high capacitance compared to their individual constituents. CuS nanorods (?15 nm) are anchored on the surface of CuSCN nanosheets (?100 nm) and they interconnect the CuSCN nanosheets, producing mesoporous nanoclusters with a large surface area, thus improving the charge transfer efficiency. The CuS/CuSCN nanocomposites exhibit high electrical conductivity and strong redox reactivity, and in particular, the pseudocapacitor with a compositional ratio of 1:1 exhibits the highest charge transfer efficiency. Consequently, the 11 CuS/CuSCN active material exhibits a high energy density (approximately 63 W h kg-1) and a high power density (1.9 kW kg-1 at 9.0 W h kg-1) as a single electrode. The highest specific capacitance is measured to be 1787.3 F g-1 in the single electrode. Furthermore, an aqueous asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor based on the CuS/CuSCN 1:1//activated carbon (AC) shows an approximately four times increase in the power density (7.9 kW kg-1), compared to the single electrode.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Two new supramolecular compounds induced by novel vinylpyridine cationic templates: synthesis, structures and enhanced photocatalytic properties

Abstract: Two novel complexes {(Pepy)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n (1) and {(Pepy)[Cu2Br4]}n (2) [Pepy=1-2-(Pyridinium-1-yl)-1-ethenyl) pyridinium] based on vinylpyridinium organic cation and cuprous salts have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffractometry. Compound 1 has a 2D polypseudorotaxane structure and compound 2 presents a 1D chain structure. Furthermore, the thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), UV?Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, the morphology and the photocatalytic performances were studied carefully. Remarkably, both 1 and 2 exhibited good photocatalytic degradation abilities towards some dyes. Graphical Abstract: Two novel complexes {(Pepy)[Cu2(SCN)4]}n and {(Pepy)[Cu2Br4]}n [Pepy=1-2-(Pyridinium-1-yl)-1-ethenyl) pyridinium] based on vinylpyridinium cation and cuprous salts have been synthesized. They exhibited diverse structures and good photocatalytic properties.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Electrochemical self-assembly of CuSCN-DAST hybrid thin films

Abstract: Nanostructured inorganic?organic hybrid thin films of copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN) and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4?-(N?-methyl)stilbazolium tosylate (DAST) were electrochemically self-assembled by adding DAST into methanolic bath containing Cu2+ and SCN? ions. Loading of the stilbazolium organic chromophore (DAS+) increased linearly on increasing DAST concentration, accompanied with changes of the film morphology, crystallographic orientation of CuSCN and transition from beta- to alpha-CuSCN. At low DAST concentrations, transport limited passive occlusion of DAS+ has been suggested with its diffusion coefficient of 1.25?¡Á?10?6 cm2?s?1 in methanol at 298?K, while the loading receives kinetic limitation by the surface chemical reaction to yield definitive hybrid structures, resulting in unique ?hair comb? shape beta-CuSCN-DAST and ?nano-platelets? shape alpha-CuSCN-DAST hybrid structures. Both the inorganic and organic components are interconnected and bi-continuous, as the loaded DAS+ could be totally extracted by dimethylacetamide to leave porous skeleton of crystalline CuSCN, making them highly interesting for device applications. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Linear and cyclic tetranuclear copper(I) complexes containing anions of N,N?-bis(pyrimidine-2-yl)formamidine

The reaction of Kpmf (pmf = anion of N,N?-bis(pyrimidyl-2-yl) formamidine, Hpmf) with CuSCN afforded the complexes K[Cu4(pmF) 3(SCN)2], 1, and Cu4(pmf)4, 2. Reaction of 1 with [(n-Bu)4N]PF6 in THF gave the complex [(n-Bu)4N][Cu4(pmf)3(SCN)2], 3. Their structures were characterized by X-ray crystallography. Complexes 1 and 3 are the first linear tetranuclear complexes containing only Cu(I) atoms, while complex 2 is cyclic. The four Cu(I) atoms of complexes 1 and 3 are helically bridged by three tetradentate pmf- ligands. The [Cu 4(pmf)3(SCN)2]- anions of 1 show weak interactions with adjacent [K(THF)5]+ cations through the sulfur atoms, forming infinite chains which are subjected to a series of intermolecular pi-pi interactions. In complex 2, the pmf- ligands are coordinated to the copper atoms in bidentate fashion through the two central amine nitrogen atoms, leaving the pyrimidine nitrogen atoms uncoordinated. Unexpected fluxional behaviors were observed for complexes 1 and 3 in solution. By the DNMR analysis, the free energy of activation (DeltaGc?) for the exchange is 12.8 kcal mol-1 at 278 K (Tc), and the rate constant of exchange (Kc) is 470 s-1 for 1. The DeltaGc? and Kc are 12.6 kcal mol-1 at 273 K and 433 s-1, respectively, for 3. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”