Category: copper-catalyst

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Solution-based synthesis and characterization of Cu2ZnSnS 4 nanocrystals

(Figure Presented) Recent advances have been made in thin-film solar cells using CdTe and CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) nanoparticles, which have achieved impressive efficiencies. Despite these efficiencies, CdTe and CIGS are not amenable to large-scale production because of the cost and scarcity of Te, In, and Ga. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS), however, is an emerging solar cell material that contains only earth-abundant elements and has a near-optimal direct band gap of 1.45-1.65 eV and a large absorption coefficient. Here we report the direct synthesis of CZTS nanocrystals using the hotinjection method. In-depth characterization indicated that pure stoichiometric CZTS nanocrystals with an average particle size of 12.8 ¡À 1.8 nm were formed. Optical measurements showed a band gap of 1.5 eV, which is optimal for a single-junction solar device.

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Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

Electric Literature of 1111-67-7, Because a catalyst decreases the height of the energy barrier, its presence increases the reaction rates of both the forward and the reverse reactions by the same amount.1111-67-7, Name is Cuprous thiocyanate, molecular formula is CCuNS. In a article£¬once mentioned of 1111-67-7

Enabling High-Efficiency Organic Light-Emitting Diode with Trifunctional Solution-Processable Copper(I) Thiocyanate

We report on a low-Temperature solution processed trifunctional inorganic p-Type semiconductor, copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN), as a hole injection/transporting and electron-blocking layer for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The electroluminescence (EL) characteristics of CuSCN and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) based devices were studied with the structure of 4,4?-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1?-biphenyl as the host, bis[2-(2-pyridinyl-N)phenyl-C](acetylacetonato)iridium(III) [(ppy)2Ir(acac)] as the green emitter, 2,2?,2?-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-Tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) as the electron transporting layer, and lithium fluoride/aluminum as the cathode electrode. The power efficacies for the CuSCN based devices are found to be 51.7 and 40.3 lm/W at 100 and 1000 cd/m2, respectively, which are 13 and 60% higher than the PEDOT:PSS based counterparts. These are the highest power efficacies ever reported for this particular device architecture. The superior EL characteristics may be explained by its unique electronic properties. We believe that the high lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (a’1.8 eV) and deep highest occupied molecular orbital (a’5.5 eV) of CuSCN assist to confine the electron injected into the emission layer and facilitate the injection of hole, likewise enhancing recombination. The present study will serve to enable highly efficient white OLEDs for general lighting purposes.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Syntheses and crystal structures of

Through the reaction of CuSCN with AsPh-(SiMe3)2 in the presence of tertiary phosphines the compounds [Cu4(As4Ph4)2(PRR? 2)4] (1-3) (1: R = R? = nPr, 2: R = R? = Et; 3: R = Me, R? = nPr) and [Cu14(AsPh)6(SCN)2-(PEt2Ph) 8] (4) can be synthesised. Using CuCl instead of CuSCN results to the cluster complexes [Cu14(AsPh)6Cl2(PRR?2) 8] (5-6) (5: R = R? = Et; 6: R = Me, R? = nPr), [Cu12(AsPh)6(PPh3)6] (7) and [Cu10(AsPh)4Cl2-(PMe3)8] (8). Through reactions of CuOAc with As(SiMe3)3 in the presence of tertiary phosphines the compounds [Cu12(AsSiMe3)6(PRR?2) 6] (9-11) (9: R = R? = Et; 10: R = Ph, R? = Et; 11: R = Et, R? = Ph) and [Cu8(AsSiMe3)4-(PtBu 3)4] (12) can be obtained. In each case the products were characterised by single-crystal-X-ray-structure-analyses. As the main structure element 1-3 each have two As4Ph42-chains as ligands. In contrast 4-12 contain discrete AsR2–ligands. WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2001.

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Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Thiazolidinedione derivatives, their production and use

Thiazolidinedione derivatives of the general formula: STR1 [wherein R1 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon residue or heterocyclic residue which may each be substituted; R2 is hydrogen or lower alkyl which may be substituted by hydroxyl group; X is an oxygen or sulfur atom; Z is a hydroxylated methylene or carbonyl; m is 0 or 1; n is an integer of 1 to 3; L and M represent independently a hydrogen atom or L and M combine with each other to cooperate jointly to form a linkage] and their salts, which are novel compounds, possess blood-glucose and blood-lipid lowering actions in mammals, and are of value as a therapeutic agent for diabetes and therapeutic agent for hyperlipemia.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Benzoylphenyl thiocyanates are new, effective inhibitors of the mycobacterial resuscitation promoting factor B protein

Background: Resuscitation promoting factors (Rpfs) are the proteins involved in the process of reactivation of the dormant cells of mycobacteria. Recently a new class of nitrophenylthiocyanates (NPTs), capable of inhibiting the biological and enzymatic activities of Rpfs has been discovered. In the current study the inhibitory properties of the compounds containing both nitro and thiocyanate groups alongside with the compounds with the modified number and different spatial location of the substituents are compared. Methods: New benzoylphenyl thiocyanates alongside with nitrophenylthiocyanates were tested in the enzymatic assay of bacterial peptidoglycan hydrolysis as well as against strains of several actinobacteria (Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis) on in-lab developed models of resuscitation of the dormant forms. Results: Introduction of the additional nitro and thiocyanate groups to the benzophenone scaffold did not influence the inhibitory activity of the compounds. Removal of the nitro groups analogously did not impair the functional properties of the molecules. Among the tested compounds two molecules without nitro group: 3-benzoylphenyl thiocyanate and 4-benzoylphenyl thiocyanate demonstrated the maximum activity in both enzymatic assay (inhibition of the Rpf-mediated peptidoglycan hydrolysis) and in the resuscitation assay of the dormant M. tuberculosis cells. Conclusions: The current study demonstrates dispensability of the nitro group in the NPT’s structure for inhibition of the enzymatic and biological activities of the Rpf protein molecules. These findings provide new prospects in anti-TB drug discovery especially in finding of molecular scaffolds effective for the latent infection treatment.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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A theoretical study of small copper oxide clusters: Cu2O x (x = 1-4)

The characteristics of copper oxide clusters in their neutral, anionic and cationic states were investigated using density functional theory calculations. Linear or near linear structures were shown by the ground state structures. A study on the ground state of a cluster, investigated within the hybrid and generalized gradient approximation DFT methods, was presented. The time-dependent density functional theory was applied for determining the low-lying excited states for the clusters. The role played by the excited states in assigning features in the photoelectron spectra was analyzed.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Unusual complexation of Cu(I) by pyrimidine/pyridine-pyrazole derived ligands exploiting the molecular function of 2-mercapto-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine – Syntheses, crystal structures and electrochemistry

Reaction of 2 equiv. amount of copper(II) chloride dihydrate with 2 equiv. of methyl-5-methyl-1-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (DpymPzC) in presence of 1 equiv. of 2-mercapto-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (DpymtH) at pH ? 6 afforded the tricoordinated copper(I) complex [Cu(DpymPzC)Cl] (1). The same reaction with copper(II) perchlorate hexahydrate, as the metal salt under the same equivalent ratio at pH ? 6 formed the tetracoordinated copper(I) complex [Cu(DpymPzC)2]ClO4 (2). In both the cases, the role of DpymtH is nothing but only to reduce the copper(II) salt in situ finally forming the copper(I) complex. On the other hand, the direct reaction between the copper(I) thiocyanate and DpymPzC in 2:2 equiv. ratio produced a tricoordinated copper(I) complex [Cu(DpymPzC)SCN] (3). In a similar reaction of 2 equiv. amount of copper(II) chloride dihydrate with 2 equiv. amount of ethyl-5-methyl-1-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (PyPzC) in presence of 1 equiv. of DpymtH at pH ? 6, an intense red coloured microcrystalline compound (4) was obtained. In contrast, 1 equiv. of PyPzC and 2 equiv. of DpymtH on reaction with 1 equiv. of copper(II) chloride dihydrate at pH ? 6 produced a novel tetranuclear mixed coordinated [Cu4(DpymtH)4Cl4] complex (5). Here DpymtH plays dual role – a reducing agent for the copper(II) salt followed by a chelating ligand towards copper(I) so formed in situ. Among the above species, 1, 2 and 5 are crystallographically characterized. In 1, the central copper atom is in distorted triangular planar geometry with N2Cl chromophore whereas in 2, the same is in distorted tetrahedral geometry with N4 chromophore. Notably, the extent of distortion from the ideal geometry is more in 2. In 5, which is in chair conformation, out of four copper atoms, two being in S2Cl chromophore are tricoordinated and the remaining two are tetracoordinated with NS2Cl chromophore. The metal centers are bridged through DpymtH in its ‘thione’ form. Interestingly, the chelation (in part) results in formation of the highly stable four-membered two chelate rings around the two tetracoordinated copper atoms in 5. The two copper centers along the long arm of the chair are separated through a distance of 5.190 A while those in the short arm are at a length of 3.629 A. The electronic, IR spectra and electrochemistry of the complexes 1, 2 and 5 have also been investigated.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Catalyzed process for the preparation of oxydiphthalic anhydrides

Oxydiphthalic anhydrides are prepared by reacting a halophthalic anhydride with water and an alkali metal compound such as KF, CsF, or K2 CO3 in the presence of a copper catalyst.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Alkanesulfonanilide derivatives, processes for preparation thereof and pharmaceutical composition comprising the same

This invention relates to new alkane-sulfonanilide derivatives of the formula: STR1 wherein R1, R2 and R8 are each hydrogen, cyano, halogen, lower alkyl, halo (lower) alkyl, lower alkylthio, lower alkylsulfinyl, lower alkylsulfonyl or lower alkoxy, R3 is lower alkyl, R4 is acyl, cyano, carboxy, hydroxy(lower)-alkyl, mercapto, lower alkylthio, lower alkylsulfinyl, lower alkylsulfonyl, 5-membered unsaturated heterocyclic group which may have amino, lower alkanoylamino, lower alkylthio or lower alkylsulfonyl, phenylthio which may have nitro or amino, lower alkanoyl(lower)alkenyl or a group of the formula: STR2 wherein R6 is hydrogen, amino or lower alkyl and R7 is hydroxy, lower alkoxy, carboxy(lower)alkoxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl(lower)alkoxy, ureido or thioureido, and R5 is hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkanoyl, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. More particularly, it relates to alkanesulfonanilide derivatives and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which have antiinflammatory activities and analgesic activities, to processes for the preparation thereof, to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same and to a method for the treatment of inflammatory disease or pains in human being and animals”.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

1111-67-7, Name is Cuprous thiocyanate, belongs to copper-catalyst compound, is a common compound. Application In Synthesis of Cuprous thiocyanateIn an article, once mentioned the new application about 1111-67-7.

A new 2D network built from potassium sandwiches {K[CuII 3(bdap)3]2} and {(mu1,3-SCN) 3CuI(NCS)} anions: Structure and magnetic behaviour

The addition of a solution of excess K(SCN) to an aqueous solution containing Cu(NO3)2¡¤6H2O and 1,3-bis(amino)-2-propanol (bdapH) yields a novel 2D mixed CuI-Cu II complex; X-ray diffraction and magnetic studies are reported herein. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”