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Synthesis, molecular structures and ESI-mass studies of copper(I) complexes with ligands incorporating N, S and P donor atoms

Equimolar reaction of copper(I) bromide with 2-thiouracil (tucH2) in acetonitrile-methanol formed a light yellow solid which on subsequent treatment with a mole of triphenyl phosphine (PPh3) in chloroform has yielded a sulfur-bridged dinuclear complex, [Cu2Br2(mu-S-tucH2)2(PPh3)2] 2CHCl3 1. A reaction of copper(I) bromide with two moles of 2,4-dithiouracil (dtucH2) in acetonitrile-methanol followed by addition of two moles of PPh3, designed to form [Cu(mu-S,S-dtuc)2(PPh3)4Cu] 2a, instead resulted in the formation of previously reported polymer, {CuBr(mu-S,S-dtucH2)(PPh3)}n 2. Reaction of copper(I) iodide with 2-thiouracil (tucH2) and PPh3 in 1:1:2 molar ratio (Cu:H2tuc:PPh3) as well as that of copper(I) thiocyanate with pyridine-2-thione (pySH) or pyrimidine-2-thione (pymSH) and PPh3 in similar ratio, yielded an iodo-bridged unsymmetrical dimer, [(PPh3)2(mu-I)2Cu(PPh3)] 3 and thiocyanate bridged symmetrical dimer, [(PPh3)2Cu(mu-N,S- SCN)2Cu(PPh3)2] 4, respectively. In both the latter reactions, thio-ligands which initially bind to Cu metal center, are de-ligated by PPh3 ligand. Crystal data: 1, P21/c: 173(2) K, monoclinic, a, 13.4900(6); b, 17.1639(5); c, 12.1860(5) A; beta, 111.807(5) a; R, 5.10%; 2, Pbca: 296(2) K, orthorhombic, a, 10.859(3); b, 17.718(4); c, 23.713(6) A; alpha=beta=gamma, 90 a; R, 4.60%; 3, P21: 173(2) K, monoclinic, a, 10.4208(7); b, 20.6402(12); c, 11.7260(7) A; beta, 105.601(7)a; R, 3.97%; 4, P-1: 173(2) K, triclinic, a, 10.2035(4); b, 13.0192(5); c, 13.3586(6) A; alpha, 114.856(4); beta, 92.872(4)a; gamma, 100.720(4)a; R, 3.71%. ESI-mass studies reveal different fragments of complexes.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

New explortion of Cuprous thiocyanate

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Antifouling booster biocide extraction from marine sediments: a fast and simple method based on vortex-assisted matrix solid-phase extraction

This paper reports the development of an analytical method employing vortex-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) for the extraction of diuron, Irgarol 1051, TCMTB (2-thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole), DCOIT (4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3-(2H)-isothiazolin-3-one), and dichlofluanid from sediment samples. Separation and determination were performed by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. Important MSPD parameters, such as sample mass, mass of C18, and type and volume of extraction solvent, were investigated by response surface methodology. Quantitative recoveries were obtained with 2.0?g of sediment sample, 0.25?g of C18 as the solid support, and 10?mL of methanol as the extraction solvent. The MSPD method was suitable for the extraction and determination of antifouling biocides in sediment samples, with recoveries between 61 and 103% and a relative standard deviation lower than 19%. Limits of quantification between 0.5 and 5?ng?g?1 were obtained. Vortex-assisted MPSD was shown to be fast and easy to use, with the advantages of low cost and reduced solvent consumption compared to the commonly employed techniques for the extraction of booster biocides from sediment samples. Finally, the developed method was applied to real samples. Results revealed that the developed extraction method is effective and simple, thus allowing the determination of biocides in sediment samples.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Electrochemical Characterization of CuSCN Hole-Extracting Thin Films for Perovskite Photovoltaics

CuSCN thin films (optimized previously for perovskite photovoltaics) are deposited on glass, F:SnO2 (FTO), Au, glass-like carbon (GC), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). They exhibit capacitive charging in an electrochemical window from ca. -0.3 to 0.2 V vs Ag/AgCl. Outside this window, CuSCN film is prone to chemical and structural changes. Anodic breakdown (at ca. 0.5 V) causes restructuring into submicrometer particles and denuding of the substrate. The natural p-doping is demonstrated by both the Hall effect and Mott-Schottky plots from electrochemical impedance. The corresponding flatband potentials (in V vs Ag/AgCl) varied with the substrate type as follows: 0.12 V (CuSCN@FTO), 0.08 V (CuSCN@Au), -0.02 V (CuSCN@GC), and 0.00 V (CuSCN@rGO). The acceptor concentrations determined from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are by orders of magnitude larger than those from electrical conductivity and the Hall effect, the latter being regarded correct. Raman spectra confirm that thiocyanate is the dominating structural motif over the isomeric isothiocyanate. In situ Raman spectroelectrochemistry discloses substrate-specific intensity changes upon electrochemical charging. The blocking function is tested by a newly designed redox probe, Ru(NH3)63+/2+. It not only has the appropriate redox potential for testing of the CuSCN films but also avoids complications of the standard “ferrocyanide test” which is normally used for this purpose. The perovskite solar cells exhibit better solar conversion efficiency, fill factor, and open-circuit voltage for the rGO-containing devices, which is ascribed to a larger driving force for the hole injection from CuSCN into rGO.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Enabling High-Efficiency Organic Light-Emitting Diode with Trifunctional Solution-Processable Copper(I) Thiocyanate

We report on a low-Temperature solution processed trifunctional inorganic p-Type semiconductor, copper(I) thiocyanate (CuSCN), as a hole injection/transporting and electron-blocking layer for high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The electroluminescence (EL) characteristics of CuSCN and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) based devices were studied with the structure of 4,4?-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1?-biphenyl as the host, bis[2-(2-pyridinyl-N)phenyl-C](acetylacetonato)iridium(III) [(ppy)2Ir(acac)] as the green emitter, 2,2?,2?-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-Tris(1-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole) as the electron transporting layer, and lithium fluoride/aluminum as the cathode electrode. The power efficacies for the CuSCN based devices are found to be 51.7 and 40.3 lm/W at 100 and 1000 cd/m2, respectively, which are 13 and 60% higher than the PEDOT:PSS based counterparts. These are the highest power efficacies ever reported for this particular device architecture. The superior EL characteristics may be explained by its unique electronic properties. We believe that the high lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (a’1.8 eV) and deep highest occupied molecular orbital (a’5.5 eV) of CuSCN assist to confine the electron injected into the emission layer and facilitate the injection of hole, likewise enhancing recombination. The present study will serve to enable highly efficient white OLEDs for general lighting purposes.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Di(2-pyridyl) ketone complexes of CuI- and Cu II-containing iodide and thiocyanate ligands: An unusual case of a mixed-aldol condensation

Complexes containing di(2-pyridyl) ketone (dpk) as a bi- (N,N) and tridentate (N,N,O) ligand have been synthesised1,2 and characterized by spectral and structural studies. Products 1 and 2 are polymorphs of the polymeric copper(I) complex [Cu(dpk)(NCS)]n containing dpk with thiocyanate anions which bridge to form a one-dimensional continuous polymer chain. The novel dinuclear copper(II) complex [Cu2(dpkA¡¤acetone) 2(NCS)2] (3) was formed when 1 and 2 were allowed to stand in the supernatant. In this instance it appears that a transition-metal- promoted aldol condensation has occurred between the solvent acetone and the ketone carbonyl of dpk to produce the novel ligand, dpkA¡¤acetone. Product 3 contains two five-coordinate copper(II) ions, both with trigonal bipyramidal coordination, bridged through deprotonated hydroxy groups on each dpkA¡¤acetone. A chemical rationalisation for the formation of 3 is proposed. The dinuclear copper(I) complex [Cu2(dpk)2I 2] (4) is also reported, which contains two four-coordinate copper(I) ions that are bridged together through iodide ions.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Structural chemistry of thiocyanatometallates. Crystal structures of Ph4PCu(SCN)2 and (PPN)Cu(SCN)2

Colourless columnar crystals of Ph4PCu(SCN)2 (1) were obtained by reaction of CuSCN with Ph4PSCN in acetone. 1 crystallises in the orthorhombic space group P212121 with a = 746.50(10); b = 1623.8(3); c = 1999.4(4) pm; Z = 4; V = 2423.6(7) ¡¤ 106 pm3. Colourless lamella shaped crystals of (PPN)Cu(SCN)2 (2) were formed by reactions of (PPN)CuCl2 with KSCN in ethanol. 2 crystallises in the triclinic space group P1 with a = 1101.3(2); b = 1141.6(2); c = 1522.9(3) pm; alpha = 74.75(3); beta = 80.50(3); gamma = 70.74(3); Z = 2; V = 1737.4(6) ¡¤ 106 pm3. In both compounds the anions consist of approximately planar groups with Cu atoms co-ordinated by two N and one S atom. In each case one SCN is a N-bound terminal group while the second SCN forms a 1,3-mu bridge between two Cu centres. In 1 the planar CuN2S units are connected to polymer anions with chain structure, whereas 2 contains dimeric anions [SCNCu(SCN)2CuNCS].

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOSITIONS

Compounds of formula (I) have antibacterial activity: wherein: m is 0 or 1 ; Q is hydrogen or cyclopropyl; AIk is an optionally substituted, divalent C1-C6 alkylene, alkenylene or alkynylene radical which may contain an ether (-O-), thioether (-S-) or amino (-NR)- link, wherein R is hydrogen, -CN or C1-C3 alkyl; X is -C(=O)NR6-, -S(O)NR6-, -C(=O)O- or -S(=O)O- wherein R6 is hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, -Cyc, or -( C1-C3 alkyl)-Cyc wherein Cyc is optionally substituted monocyclic carbocyclic or heterocyclic having 3-7 ring atoms; Z is N or CH, or CF; R2 and R3 are as defined in the description.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-thiophene carboxamides, N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-pyrrole carboxamides, N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-furan carboxamides, and anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory use thereof

The present invention is for compounds having the formula of N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-thiophenecarboxamides, N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-pyrrolecarboxamides, N-1H-tetrazol-5-yl-2-furancarboxamides or analogs of each of the carboxamides. The compounds are useful for the treatment of allergic or inflammatory conditions or diseases. Thus, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are also the invention. Processes of preparation for the compounds are also the invention.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

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Benzothiophene compounds, intermediates, compositions, and methods

A method for alleviating the symptoms of post-menopausal syndrome comprising administering to a woman in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula I wherein R1a is –H or –OR7a in which R7a is –H or a hydroxy protecting group; R2a is –H, halo, or –OR8a in which R8a is –H or a hydroxy protecting group; R3 is 1-piperidinyl, 1-pyrrolidino, methyl-1-pyrrolidinyl, dimethyl-1-pyrrolidino, 4-morpholino, dimethylamino, diethylamino, diisopropylamino, or 1-hexamethyleneimino; n is 2 or 3; and Z is –O– or –S–; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and further comprising administering to said woman an effective amount of progestin.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

 

New explortion of Cuprous thiocyanate

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REACTION OF OLEFINS WITH A MIXTURE OF IODINE AND MERCURY(II) THIOCYANATE. PREDOMINANT FORMATION OF vic-IODO(ISOTHIOCYANATO)ALKANES.

Treatment of olefins with a mixture of iodine and mercury(II) thiocyanate in benzene or diethyl ether gives vic-iodo(isothiocyanato)alkanes and vic-iodo(thiocyanato)alkanes in a high yield, the former being predominant. Similar results were obtained by using silver(I) and thallium(I) thiocyanates, though both the yield and the selectivity are slightly lower. By use of potassium thiocyanate and copper(I) isothiocyanate in place of mercury(II) thiocyanate, beta -iodo thiocyanates were mainly formed. A reaction scheme involving initial formation of an iodonium ion from olefin and ISCN (formed in situ) and a subsequent attack of complex anion I(SCN)//2** minus has been proposed to account for this predominant formation of beta -iodo isothiocyanates.

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Reference£º
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”